Safety Helmets

1. In use, head protection is generally treated with a lack of care, often being thrown or dropped, used as a receptacle for all manner of items, or carried on the rear window shelf of a vehicle. None of these actions are conducive to continued performance.
2. Users should regularly inspect both the helmet shell and its suspension for signs of wear and tear.
3. Deep abrasions or scuff marks to the helmet shell will require it to be replaced, likewise cracks or damage to the harness will require that item to be replaced. Based on this treatment it is unlikely that a helmet will be offering adequate protection 5 years after manufacture.
4. For adequate protection the safety helmet must be adjusted to the size of the user's head.

Shelf Life - Helmet

There is a lot of confusion as to what is considered to be an acceptable working life of a safety helmet. Unfortunately there can be no hard and fast rules concerning this. There is no test in the European Standard to cover this, and it would be difficult, if not impossible to devise such a test.

According to Singapore Standards, each helmet, when manufactured, should has a year and month or quarter of manufacture stamped onto the inside of the shell near the peak for easy reading. This should not be used as a basis for determining the life of an industrial safety helmet.

If the helmets are stored in boxes which they are supplied, and not experiencing any enviromental extreme, the shelf life is not limited. Storage conditions should be between 5°C and 50°C and relative humidity less than 75%. However, it is not recommended that a helmet should be in use after 5 years from date of manufacturer.

If the helmet has been used regularly it should be replaced after 3 years from the date of issue. (Note: The date of issue is not necessarily the same as the date of manufacture.)

Shelf Life - Ratchet Suspension (a.k.a. Harness)

The ratchet suspension has a general life of 2 years and should be replaced at an earlier.

Applying Label

Many of companies wish to put their own design of self-adhesive labels on the industrial safety helmets.
The instructions supplied with each and every helmet states:
"Do not apply paint, solvents or self-adhesive labels except in accordance with instructions from the helmet manufacturer"

The reason is being some of the glues used for the sticky label react with the helmet shell and the hardness of the hat may be compromised.

Back to Top^

Face Shield

Selecting a face shield depends on which kinds of hazards workers will be dealing with - impact, heat, radiation or chemical splash.

Impact hazards

If the worker is facing the risk of impact, a face shield alone will not provide adequate protection. In this case, face shields need to be used in combination with safety glasses or goggles to offer complete eye protection. Face shields made of polycarbonate provide the highest level of impact protection.

Heat hazards

Again, polycarbonate face shields offer the best basic protection against heat. However, if silver or gold coatings are added to the face shield, even further heat resistance can be achieved. A maximum heat tolerance of 1,800°F can be reached using gold-coated face shields. Silver-coated shields can provide protection up to 1,400°F.

Radiation hazards

Whether it's the result of bright lighting, the glare of the sun, electric arc exposure or laser light, a graduated scale of shadings are available for face shields that act as special absorbers against radiation. Welding shield provide a barrier to protect the face and eyes from the risks of open electric arcs and flames in the risky business of welding.

Chemical hazards

Eventually all face shields - no matter which material they are made of - will sustain damage due to chemical hazards. Hard-coated face shields offer improved chemical resistance but eventually they, too, will succumb to chemical hazards such as alkali and acids.

Back to Top^

Safety Spectacles

1. Safety spectacles provide protection from light to moderate impact hazards. In areas of severe explosure to flying particles, faceshields for goggles should be used instead.
2. Safety spectacles with polycarbonate lenses provide greater impact protection than tempered glass lenses but may break under severe impact. Pitting or scratches could significantly reduce the impact resistant of polycarbonate lenses and also distort vision. Affected lenses should be replaced.
3. Damaged frames compromise protection level and therefore they must be replaced immediately too.
4. Safety spectacles lenses are not designed for protection against harmful levels of infared radiation such as those found when welding.
5. Always check with supervisor personnel to be sure that you are provided with proper eye protection.
6. All safety spectacles used in Singapore must complies with ANSI Z87.1 Standards.

Side Shield

If the working environment exposes a risk of flying objects or any kind of impact risk, the safety glasses must have side shields. Safety glasses side shields can be detachable or permanently attached, in which case they are also known as safety spectacles.

Ear Plugs

INFORMATION REQUIRED BY E.P.A.

The level of noise entering a person's ear, when hearing protection is worn as directed, is closely approximated by the diferrence between a the A-weighted environmental noise evel and the NRR.

Example

1. The environmental noise level as measured at the ear is 92 dB(A).
2. The NRR is 29 decibes (dB).
3. The level of noise entering the ear is approximately equal to 60 dB(A).

CAUTION:
For noise environments dominated by frequencies below 500Hz, the C-weighted environmental noise level should be used.
Although hearing protectors can be recommended for protection against the harmful effects of impulsive noise, the Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) is based on the attenuation of continuous noise and may not be an accurate indicator of the protection attainable against impulsive noise such as gunfire.

Improper fit of the ear plugs will reduce its effectiveness in attenuating noise. Plese refer to Instruction For Use for more information.

REMEMBER TO ALWAYS REMOVE EAR PLUGS SLOWLY.
It also helps to twist at times to loosen the seal between the ear plug and your ear. Try not to remove your earplugs quickly -- which could negatively impact the functioning of your ear drum.

Back to Top^

Facepiece Respirators

NIOSH-Approved Particulate Filtering Facepiece Respirators

Please refer to Instruction for Use for further information.

Footwear

1. Choosing the right footwear is important for maximum protection and comfort. All steel-toed footwear should provide the following basic features:
   - durable leather construction
   - rubber outer sole that is resistant to puncture, slip and oil
   - waterproofing
   - chemical resistance
   - insulated lining
   - electrical hazard protection
2. Be sure to get a pair that isn't too snug, either, as footwear must provide enough space for air to circulate between your feet and the shoes / boots to prevent heavy perspiration. (Boots are usually one size up from your regular shoe size.).
3. Slippage caused by your shoes or boots being too large will cause calluses on the feet.

Safety Specifications for KING'S brand

	Pierce-resistant. Steel Midsole Inserted.
	Sole resistant to oil and Acids/Alkalis
	Extra Wide Fitting Carbon Steel Toecap (200 joules).
	Antistatic
	Extra light, slip-resitant Polyurethane(PU) outsole.
	Extra wide 5-toe Toecaps

Back to Top^

Flame Retardant Workwear

Garment Care

• For correct fit, try on the garment before washing or wearing.
• Wash garments of PYROVATEX® separately from other garments.
• Machine Wash . Hot Water (140°F / 60°C) . Heavy Duty Detergent.
• Tumble Dry low (160°F / 71°C).
• DO NOT use Chlorine Bleach or detergents containing chlorine bleach.
• When using commercial laundry aids, be sure to read and carefullly follow the manufacturer's instructions.
• DO NOT line-dry in sunlight.
• Avoid direct & intensive steam.

Back to Top^

Welding Lens Shade

Back to Top^

Restraint Belt

1. Restraint belts can be used as positioning devices, NOT for fall arrest.
2. The restraint belt should be worn with care to ensure adequate tension. It should not be loose-fitting.
3. No alterations or modifications shall be carried out on the restraint belt.
4. The lanyard of the restraint belt shall not be secured to an anchorage point that is below the level of the wearer waist and not looping of the lanyard around any structural member.
5. During the examination, particular attention should be directed to following items:

Webbing

Make sure that cuts, cracks, tears or abrasions, undue stretching and damage due to deterioration, contact with heat, acids, or other corrosives.

lanyards

Inspect for damaged or signs of wear and internal deterloration.

Snaphooks

Inspect for damaged or distorted hooks or faulty springs.

Buckles

Examine buckle carefully for damage and signs of distortion or bending and excessive corroision.

Sewing

Inspect for broken, cut ro worn threads.

Back to Top^

Full Body Harness

1. Before each use, a close visual examination should be made of the straps, seams and fittings to make sure that the harness is in perfect working order.
2. Check that the harness is compatible with which types of systems are suitable, to avoid any danger may arise by the use of combinations of components and/or sub-system in which the safety function of any one component and/or sub-system is affected by or interferes with, the safe function of another components. This device can be used with retractable type fall arrester, energy absorber incorporated in a lanyard.
3. Whenever possible, it is strongly recommended that the harness be assigned to an individual in order to limit the re-adjustment needed when the harness changes hands,and also to be able to keep track of how often the harness is used.
4. Make sure to fill in the description card and keep it carefully on hand, and note the periodic checks for your safety.
5. Whenever possible, choose an anchor point above the user's position with breaking load over 15kN, allowing a safety distance of at least 6.5m when it is used with 2m of energy absorbing lanyard (But safety distance can be different when it is connected to other equipments), and avoid any anchor point whose strength may be doubtful. When this device is used with energy absorbing lanyard, its arrest force must not exceed 6kN to control the arrest distance.
6. Any harness that haswithstood a fall or which appears doubtful on visual examination must immediately be withdrawn from service and returned to the manufacturer or competent repair centre for maintenance and resting. Only competent, approved person may decide whether to put it back in services.
7. For your safety and comfort in use, the harness has to be correctly adjusted- neither too loose nor too tight.
8. Before use of the equipment consideration should be given as to how any necessary rescue could be safely achieved.
9. In the course of use, all pertinent arrangements should be made to protect the harness against damage caused by the work bumps, sharp edges, chemical attack, cutting, abrasion, UV degradation etc.
10. The harness must be examined at least once a year by a competent person authorized by the manufacturer. In case of normal conditions of use, the equipment expiration is considered three (3) years, but if heavy use incurred, it may be reduced.
11. No modification and alteration should be made to the harness, either at the seams, in the strap assembly, or D-rings without the manuafacturer's prior written consent.
12. The user must check his/her medical conditions could affect the safety of him/her in normal and emergency use.
13. This equipment shall not be used outside its limitations, or any purpose other than that for which it is intended.
14. Any work positioning attachment elements mounted at the side waist positions shall not be used for connecting into any personal fall arrest systems.

Back to Top^

Energy Absorbing Lanyard

1. Locate suitable anchorage point away from the degree of angle greater than 30degree to avoid any additional damage may be caused by any pendulum action.
2. Locate suitable anchorage point above the user with more than the minimum required stregth (15kN), allowing safety distance of at least 6.5m. Avoid any anchor point whose strength may be doubtful.
3. When this equipment is used with full body harness, minimum clearance below the feet of the user should be at least 1m to avoid any collision with ground. But safety distance can be different when it is connected to other equipments.
4. It must be used with a hook or other connectors according to Singapore Standard SS528:Part 5:2006 to be linked with the attachment point for fall protection ("A" indication on the back support) of full body harness, all connectors must be certified according to SS528:Part 5:2006.
5. The energy absorbing lanyard should be used together with full body harness and not with positioning belt which is NOT a protection device.
6. The overall length of this device should be not exceeded 2m.
7. The energy absorber incorporated in a lanyard has been made according to Type 2 of SS528:Part 2:2006 to have maximum free fall distance 4m with maximum arrest force less than 6kN generated in a fall.
8. To secure proper connection, one connector at the end of lanyard must be connected on the anchorage point and the other one at the end of energy absorber must be connected on the attachment of full body harness.
9. The energy absorbing lanyard that has withstood a fall or appeared doubtful on visual examination must be immediately withdrawn from service. The equipment is not designed to withstand more than one fall.
10. While using, arrangements should be made to protect the lanyards against damages caused by bumps, cutting, abrasion, UV degradation and chemical attacks etc.
11. Whenever possible, this energy absorbing lanyard complying with this part of ISO10333 shall be a personal use of total mass NOT EXCEEDING 100kg.
12. Before use of the system, consideration should be given as to how any necessary rescue could be safely achieved.
13. Before each use, a close visual examination should be made of each and every element of the system to make sure the system is in perfect condition.
14. This system is normally supplied with EQUIPMENT CONTROL CARD; make sure to keep it on hand, fill it in and note the periodic checks for your safety.
15. The user must check his/her medical conditions could affect the safety of him/her in normal and emergency use.
16. The user shall not make any alterations or additions to the equipment without the manufacturer's prior consent.
17. Any repair must be done accordance with manufacturer's procedures.
18. This equipment shall not be used outside its limitations, or any purpose other than that for which it is intended.
19. This equipment should only be used by a trained or competent person or the user should be under the directly supervision of such a person.
20. Any lanyard without energy absorber is strictly prohibited to be used for protection to prevent causing any danger or injury in an arrested fall.
21. This devices are acceptable to be used together with a full body harness which is the only acceptable body-holding device to be employed in a personal fall arrest system.
22. Don't wrap any lanyards around structures that are of small diameter or sharp edge and attach it back on itself to avoid any damage on the surface of lanyard.
23. Any care must be taken to ensure that this energy absorbing lanyards perform correctly when assembled into a PFAS.

Back to Top^

Fall Arrester & Vertical Lifeline

1. This is a system devised for VERTICAL access. The fall arrester freely follows wearer's upward and downward movements along the anchorage line, and in case of a fall it locks instantly on the rope.
2. This equipment must always be used together with an approved full body harness. A full body harness includes an attachment point located properly are recommended to be connected to the snap hook of fall arrester.
3. The guided type (a.k.a rope grab) fall arrester must be used together with a flexible anchor line is specified by the manufacturer. (Use the correct rope only - diameter 16mm polyamide ropes which is specified and recommended by manufacturer).
4.  
5. Before each use, a close visual examination should be made of the system and its components to make sure that they are in perfect working condition.
6. This equipment is designed for use with its approved components and sub-systems only. Substitutions or replacements made with non-approved or sub-systems may interfere with the safety function and reliability of the complete system.
7. Whenever possible, it is strongly recommended that the device be assigned to an individual user.
8. Always choose an anchor point above the user's position that can minimize free fall and swing fall hazards, and avoid any anchor point whose strength may be doubtful. Preferably use structural anchors provided for this purpose, or anchoring points able to hold more than 15kN.
9. Any device that has withstood a fall or appeared doubtful in visual examination must immediately be withdrawn from the service. The equipment must be examined at least once a year by a competent person.
10. In the course of use, all pertinent arrangements should be made to protect the device from damage due to bumps, cuts, chemical attack etc.
11. Any components of complete system shall not be substituted.
12. This device must be avoided any harmful products or hazards which may affect its performance (high temperature, sharp edges, chemical reagents, electrical conductivity, cutting,abrasion, UV degradation, other climatic conditions.
13. Before and during the use, consideration for rescue should be given how safe and efficient it can be carried out.
14. Ensure that the instructions for other components used in conjuction with product are complied with which types of systems are suitable, referring to EN363. It is the user responsibility to ensure that he/she understands the correct and safe use of this product.
15. Make sure that other elements, components, or equipment used in connection with this product are strong enough to guarantee the safety of the user against a fall, complying with the relevant safety standards.
16. The user must check his/her medical conditions could affect the safety of him/her in normal and emergency use.
17.  
18. Instructions for use must be translated to the language of country where the product is used.
19. No modification should be made to this device without the manufacturer's prior written consent.
20. This equipment shall not be used outside its limitations, or any purpose other than that for which it is intended.
21. Don't locate flexible anchor line where sharp objects could cause wear on the lifeline.
22. Don't use anchorage point with this device that does not allow its gate to close completely and lock.
23. Makes sure to fill in the EQUIPMENT CONTROL CARD and keep it on hand, and note the periodic checks for your safety.
24. For the user's safety, it is strongly recommended that safety distance for this fall arrest system is kept more than 5.8M from the point of fall to prevent the collision. The distance should includes as below:
    a.) Length of connecting lanyard: Max 0.4M
    b.) Elongatipn distance of anchor line: Max. 1.75M
    c.) Slippage distance of fall arrester: Max. 0.9M
    d.) User height from dorsal D-ring to feet: Max. 1.75M
    e.) Safety zone: 1M
    Also, the user should be use this system considering the above safety distance when the system is used.

Back to Top^